世

I

―せい【―世】

①［…代目］

¶エリザベス2～

Elizabeth the Second 《◆ 通例 Elizabeth II とも書く》

¶ルイ14～

Louis XIV

¶ウイリアム=ジョーンズ2～

William Jones， Jr. 《◆ Jr. は (the) Junior と読む. 同名の父子の息子・二人兄弟の弟・同名生徒の年少者をさす言い方で， 女性には用いない; ⇔Sr. 》.

②［地層］

*epoch

〖C〗〔地〕世(^せい).

II

よ【世】

①［世の中・世間］

**world

《正式》［the ～］ 世の中， 世間.

¶～に知られている最古の木造建築

the oldest known wooden architecture

¶～に顧みられない天才

a neglected genius

¶～の習わし

the way(s) of the world; the way the world goes

¶～を捨てる

shut oneself off from the rest of the world

¶この大学は有能な科学者を～に送り出してきた

This university has turned out competent scientists.

②［時代］

**time

〖C〗［通例複合語で; しばしば ～s］ 時代; 時勢; ［the ～(s)］ 現代

with the change of the times 世の推移につれて

**age

〖C〗時代

to all ages いつの世までも.

③［前世・現世・末世］

¶ → この世

¶ → あの世

¶この～の喜び

earthly joys

¶彼はもはやこの～の人ではない

He is here no more. 《◆ He is dead. の遠回し表現》

¶80歳でこの～を去る

depart this life at the age of 80

¶彼はこの～で一番の幸せ者だ

He is the happiest man on earth.

* * *

I

-せい【-世】

1 〔代〕 a generation; an age.

●ヘンリー八世 Henry VIII [the Eighth]

・日系三世 a third-generation citizen of Japanese ancestry; a sansei.

2 【地質】 an epoch.

●更新世 ⇒こうしんせい¹.

II

よ【世･代】

1 〔世間･世界〕 the world; (社会) (a) society; (公衆) the public.

●前の世 《in》 a previous [former] existence [life] [＝ぜんせ]

・あの世 the other world; the world beyond

・これが人の世というものさ. That's the way things are in this world of ours, you see.

●世にある時は何の某(_なにがし)とも言われた人だ. He was somebody in his lifetime. | In life he was somebody.

・世に出る see the light (of day); 〔世間に出る〕 go out into the world [in life]; launch forth in life; start (in) life; make one's start in life; 〔世の中に現れる〕 come to the front; rise [get on] in the world; have one's day

・彼が作家として世に出たのは 40 代も後半だった. He was in his late forties when he won notice as a writer.

・インスタントラーメンが世に出て半世紀近くなる. It's been almost half a century since instant ramen came on the scene.

・世に認められた作家 a recognized author

・世に送り出す 〔子供などを〕 send out to the world; place out in life; 〔作品･製品などを〕 give 《a book》 to the public [world]

・夏目漱石はその年『こころ』を世に送った. In that year Natsume Sōseki came out with Kokoro.

・わが校はたくさんの政治家を世に送っています. Our alma mater has sent numerous politicians out into the world.

・自分の作品を世に問う seek the world's opinion of one's creation

・世に広まる become known in the world; gain renown

・世に知られている be known to the world; be famous in the world

・世に知られた[聞こえた] well-known; widely known; famous; 〔悪名が〕 notorious

・世に知られない obscure; unknown; inglorious; nameless; little known (in the world)

・世に知られない人 a man living in obscurity; 〔無名の人〕 a nameless person; a nobody

・世に忘れられる be buried in oblivion; be forgotten by the world

・世に入れられない be rejected [forsaken] by the world; be shut [cast] out of society

・世に入れられない人 an outcast; an outlaw

・世に合う win popularity [public favor]; meet the public taste

・世におもねる bend to the times; compromise with the world; buy popularity

・世にそむく go against the world; 《口》 buck the trend

・世にはびこる汚職 the corruption that is spreading in (our) society

・憎まれっ子世にはばかる. The detested child will make his mark on the world. | Ill weeds grow apace.

・世に言う[いわゆる]… what is called…; what they [you] call…; so-called

・それが世に言う「医者の不養生」だ. That is a case of “the shoemaker's wife going barefoot,” as the saying goes.

・世にこれを桜田門外の変と言う. This is known in history as the Sakurada-mon Incident.

・あれほどの学者は世にまれだ. A scholar like him is rarely to be met with.

・これが世に名高い大阪城です. This is the renowned Osaka Castle.

・世にもめずらしい能力の持ち主 the possessor of phenomenal ability.

●世の移り変わり the transience [impermanence] of the world; this ever-changing world

・世の常 ⇒よのつね

・世の習い the way [custom] of the world

・盛者必衰は世の習い. It is the way of the world that prosperity must decline.

・世の例(_ためし) the way things have always been and always will be

・世の定め the custom [the practice] of this world

・世の終わり the Day of Judgment; the end of the world; the crack of doom

・世の終わりまで till the Day of Judgment; till the end of the world; till doomsday; till [to] the crack of doom

・世の親たち parents in general

・世のためになる benefit mankind [the world]; do the world good

・世のため人のため尽くすことを誓います. I vow to do my best for the good of the world and the good of people.

・世の辛酸をなめる taste the sweets and bitters of life

・世の荒波 the rough-and-tumble of life

・世のうわさ popular opinion.

●世を渡る live; pass through life; get along in the world; make one's way [go, walk] through the world

・正直に世を渡る live an honest life; walk honestly (in life); pursue an honest career

・世をいとう become [be] weary of life [the world]; get tired of life

・世をはかなむ lose all one's hopes in the world; feel [realize] the vanity of human affairs; find no attraction in life

・世を捨てる forsake [renounce] the world; hide oneself from the world

・世を逃れる escape the world

・世をはばかる shun public notice; avoid observation [human contact, the eyes of the world]

・世を忍ぶ bury oneself in obscurity; live in seclusion; be in hiding; go incognito

・世を忍ぶ旅人 an incognito traveler

・世を忍ぶ仮の姿 the outward appearance of one living incognito to avoid public notice

・世を去る die; pass away; depart this life; leave [go out of] the world; end [close] one's days; go to one's last home 《in peace》; go to a better world

・世をあげて健康ブームである. Everybody is into the health boom.

2 〔時代〕 the age; the era; the period; one's generation; the epoch; the days; 〔時世〕 the times.

●明治の世 the era of Meiji; the Meiji era.

●世と共に進む advance [keep up] with the times; keep abreast of [with] the times; swim with the stream [tide, current] of the world.

●世が世なら in better times; if times were better; if times had not changed; if the old order had not been changed; if the circumstances were not as they are

・世が世ならこんな所にはいないのだ. If I had my due [If times were better], I would not be here.

・世が乱れている. The country is agitated. | The times are out of joint. <▲> Hamlet 1.5.189 では The time is…. だが, しばしばこの形で引用される.

・立派な指導者が出て世が治まった. A great leader appeared and brought order to the world.

・どんな世も必ず移り変わる. Every era brings change.

●この日進月歩の世に in this rapidly advancing [ever-progressing] age

・世に逆らう[背く] swim against the stream [tide, current] of the world

・世に遅れる fall [lag, get] behind the times; get out of touch with the world

・世に遅れないようにする keep up with the times; keep abreast of [with] the times.

●世の流れ the current of the times

・世の乱れ the confusion that reigns in the world.

●世を経る pass through life

・幾代もの世を経る pass down the ages

・混乱の世を治める bring order to an age of confusion.

●世はカード時代と言われる. They say it's the age of the plastic card.

3 〔治世〕 the reign; the rule.

●聖武帝の御代に in [under] the reign of the Emperor Shōmu

・徳川の世に under the rule of the Tokugawas

・武家の世に in the age of the samurai.

●わが世の春 one's best days.

●世を譲る yield authority 《to one's successor》.

世も末

●こんなことが起こるとはね. これじゃ世も末だ. Can such a thing happen? Oh, these are terrible times!

・そのような不正がまかり通るならこの世も末だ. What is the world coming to that such injustice should be allowed to pass?

・警察官がのぞきをやるなんて世も末だ. Cops playing Peeping Tom! There's no hope for us now.